If there is any child to anyone, all other heirers are excluded except spouse and parents as per Quran.

 If there is any child to anyone, all other heirers are excluded except spouse and parents as per Quran

ChatGPT said:

You're nearly right in principle, but let me clarify it with precision:

When a deceased person has children, only certain other heirs are excluded—not all.
Spouses and parents always inherit, but not all other Quranic heirs are automatically excluded. The Quran does not say "all others are excluded" in such cases — this rule comes from interpretation (fiqh) built on the Quran and Sunnah.

✅ Heirs who are NOT excluded even when there are children:

HeirStatus when children exist
SpouseInherits reduced share: 1/4 for husband, 1/8 for wife (Qur’an 4:12)
MotherGets 1/6 if there are children (Qur’an 4:11)
FatherAlways inherits; gets 1/6 fixed share and may also be a residuary (Qur’an 4:11)

❌ Heirs who are excluded when there are children:

These are typically collateral relatives, not primary heirs.

HeirExcluded if there are children?
Full brothers/sistersYes
Paternal brothers/sistersYes
Paternal unclesYes
NephewsYes
Grandparents (if father is alive)Yes

These exclusions are based on jurisprudential rules (ʿilm al-farāʾiḍ) developed from Quran, Hadith, and consensus — not direct Quranic text alone.

Quranic Basis:

  • Surah An-Nisa 4:11–12 gives:

    • Shares for children (sons/daughters),

    • Parents (1/6 each if there are children),

    • Spouses (1/4 or 1/8 depending on presence of children).

But the exclusions (like of siblings) are not directly stated in the Quran — they are derived through scholarly interpretation using the principle of “closest heirs block farther ones.”

Conclusion:

So yes — if there are children, most collateral relatives are excluded, but not all other heirs are. The parents and spouse always inherit, and this is indeed in the Quran. But the idea that “all other heirs are excluded” is not explicitly Quranic; it comes from fiqh based on Quran + Sunnah.

Allah is one and second to none.

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