Auxiliary verb in Quran.

 Arabic of he is truthful and he is student and I ear rice with fish

ChatGPT said:

Here is the Arabic translation of each sentence:

1. He is truthful
   هُوَ صَادِقٌ
   (Huwa ṣādiqun)

2. He is a student
   هُوَ طَالِبٌ
   (Huwa ṭālibun)

3. I eat rice with fish
   آكُلُ الأَرُزَّ مَعَ السَّمَكِ
   (Ākulu al-aruzza maʿa as-samaki)

Let me know if you want the sentences in female form or in different tenses.

You said:

Arabic sentence needs no auxiliary verb but why kana, kanu are used

ChatGPT said:

Excellent question!

You're absolutely right that Arabic usually does not need an auxiliary verb like "is," "are," or "was" in the present tense. For example:

• هُوَ طَالِبٌ = He is a student

• هِيَ مُعَلِّمَةٌ = She is a teacher

There is no verb "is" in these — it's just implied by the structure of the nominal sentence (جُمْلَة اسمِيَّة).

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So why is كَانَ / كَانُوا used?

Because كَانَ means "was" or "used to be", it is used when the sentence is in the past tense.

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Examples:

1. Present:

   • هُوَ صَادِقٌ — He is truthful

2. Past (with كَانَ):

   • كَانَ صَادِقًا — He was truthful

Note: The predicate changes from صادقٌ → صادقًا (accusative) because كان makes the predicate (خبر) منصوب (accusative).

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Forms of كان:

Subject	Form	Meaning
He	كَانَ	He was
She	كَانَتْ	She was
They (2)	كَانَا	They (two) were
They (plural masculine)	كَانُوا	They were
I	كُنتُ	I was
We	كُنَّا	We were
You (m)	كُنتَ	You were
You (f)	كُنتِ	You were

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Summary:

• Arabic omits the verb "is/are" in present tense — nominal sentences suffice.

• But to express past, verbs like كَانَ are used.

• كان is not an auxiliary like in English — it is a real verb meaning "was."

Let me know if you'd like more examples!

You said:

In case of future tense what auxiliary verb is used

ChatGPT said:

In Arabic, to express the future tense, Arabic does not use a separate auxiliary verb like "will" or "shall" as in English.

✅ Instead, future tense is made by:

1. Adding the prefix سَــ (sa-)

2. Or سَوْفَ (sawfa)
   ... directly to a present tense verb (الفعل المضارع).

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🔹 Examples:

1. He writes
   يَكْتُبُ
   (yaktubu)

2. He will write

   • سَيَكْتُبُ (sayaktubu) — near future

   • سَوْفَ يَكْتُبُ (sawfa yaktubu) — more distant or emphasized future

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🔸 Comparison:

English	Arabic	Explanation
He writes	يَكْتُبُ	Present tense
He will write	سَيَكْتُبُ / سَوْفَ يَكْتُبُ	Future tense (prefix only)

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Summary:

• Arabic does not use a separate auxiliary verb for future like “will.”

• Instead, it uses prefixes:

  • سَــ (short term or normal future)

  • سَوْفَ (longer or more certain future)

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Let me know if you want future examples with other verbs like "eat", "go", "study", etc.

You said:

Why bi is added with verb in arabic in many cases

ChatGPT said:

Great question!

In Arabic, the prefix بِـ (bi-) is a preposition — not a part of the verb — and it has a wide range of meanings depending on the context. It’s often attached before a noun, but sometimes it appears just before a verb, and that can be confusing.

Let’s break it down clearly:

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✅ 1. "bi" as a preposition before a noun

Most common and standard use:

Example:

• كَتَبْتُ بِالْقَلَمِ
  I wrote with the pen
  → bi = "with" (tool or means)

Other meanings:

بِـ usage	Meaning	Example
بِالقَلَمِ	with (tool)	I write with a pen
بِاللهِ	by (oath)	I swear by Allah
بِسُرْعَةٍ	with speed	Quickly
بِالْحَقِّ	in truth	Truly

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✅ 2. "bi" before verbs: not part of verb, usually prepositional phrase

Sometimes بِ appears before a verb but it is still logically connected to a noun.

Example:

• يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ
  They believe in Allah
  → The verb is يُؤْمِنُونَ (they believe)
  → bi-llāh is a prepositional phrase ("in Allah")

So "bi" here is required by the verb "believe", just like in English we say "believe in".

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✅ 3. Certain verbs in Arabic require "bi"

Some verbs are always followed by bi- + noun.

Verb	Meaning	Preposition needed
آمَنَ	to believe	بِـ (in)
اِلْتَزَمَ	to commit to	بِـ (to)
مَرَّ	to pass by	بِـ (by)
اِهْتَمَّ	to care about	بِـ (about)

Example:

• آمَنْتُ بِاللَّهِ — I believed in Allah

• مَرَرْتُ بِالسُّوقِ — I passed by the market

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✅ 4. "bi" used for emphasis in oath

This is used when swearing by Allah or something.

• وَاللَّهِ / بِاللَّهِ / تَاللَّهِ — By Allah

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✅ Summary:

Use of "bi"	Meaning	Example
Preposition (tool)	with	كَتَبْتُ بالقلم
After certain verbs	in, to, about, etc.	آمَنْتُ بالله
Oath	by	باللهِ لَأَفْعَلَنَّ
Adverbial phrase	manner, speed, etc.	بِسُرْعَةٍ

Let me know if you want a list of verbs that need bi with meanings!

You said:

In quran a word supposed bimuninun is used

ChatGPT said:

The word you saw is بِمُؤْمِنِينَ

(bi‑muʾminīn) – “believers” preceded by bi‑

It appears in several verses, e.g.:

وَمَا هُمْ بِمُؤْمِنِينَ
…but they are certainly not believers (al‑Baqarah 2 : 8)

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Why does the Qurʾān put bi‑ in front of مؤمنين?

Item	Classical‑Arabic explanation
بِـ here	the “redundant” bāʾ (الباء الزائدة). It does not add a lexical meaning such as “in / with”; instead it gives rhetorical emphasis to the negation.
Construction	ما / ليس + ضمير + بــ + خَبَرٍ نكرة Examples: • ما هم بِضَارِّين • وما أنتَ بِمُؤْمِنٍ لنا
Effect	Strengthens the negative sentence, roughly “absolutely / by no means”. In English we would add stress: “They are definitely not believers.”
Case ending	Because a preposition is now present, the predicate is read in the genitive (majrūr) form مُؤْمِنِينَ instead of the nominative مُؤْمِنُونَ.

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How grammarians describe it

1. زائدة من حيث الإعراب، مفيدة من حيث البلاغة
   “Redundant syntactically, meaningful rhetorically.”

2. Called بَاءُ الصِّلَة or بَاءُ الزِّيادَة.
   It sticks (“يصِل”) the predicate to the negative particle while intensifying the negation.

3. It only appears with indefinite predicates after a negator, e.g.
   ما أنا بِقَارِئٍ (Ḥadīth), ما هو بِضَنِينٍ (81 : 24).

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Can the verse drop the bi‑?

Yes. A grammatically lighter sentence would be:

• وَمَا هُمْ مُؤْمِنُون – “They are not believers.”

The Qurʾān chooses بِمُؤْمِنِينَ for extra force and rhythm.

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Summary

• بِمُؤْمِنِينَ = “believers,” with bi‑ added purely for emphatic negation.

• The bi‑ here is not the usual preposition “in / with”; it is a stylistic device that:

  1. Transfers the predicate into genitive case,

  2. Makes the negation stronger and more vivid.

Feel free to ask if you’d like other examples or a deeper dive into this rhetorical particle!

You said:

bi adding with verb or noun may means future tense as indicated in quran

ChatGPT said:

Excellent and insightful question!

❓ Can "بِـ (bi‑)" before a verb or noun indicate future tense in the Qur'an?

The short answer is:

✅ No, "bi" itself never indicates future tense in Arabic or in the Qur’an.
❌ It is not a marker of future tense like سَـ or سَوْفَ.

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✅ How does Arabic express future tense?

As mentioned earlier, Arabic uses:

1. سَــ + present verb
   → e.g. سَيَكْتُبُ = he will write

2. سَوْفَ + present verb
   → e.g. سَوْفَ نُؤْمِنُ = we shall believe

These are clear, standard future markers.

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So why does bi‑ sometimes appear near future-looking ideas?

You're probably noticing phrases in the Qur'an where بِـ occurs near a verb or noun that talks about the future, and it feels like bi is helping express that. But here's what's actually happening:

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🔍 Let’s analyze an example:

Qur'an 2:8

وَمَا هُم بِمُؤْمِنِينَ
They are not believers

• بِمُؤْمِنِينَ = with bi‑ used for emphatic negation

• This has nothing to do with the future tense

• It talks about their present state – though the next verses may discuss future hypocrisy

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🔍 Another example: sometimes verbs appear after bi

Qur’an 2:4

وَبِٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ هُمْ يُوقِنُونَ
And in the Hereafter they have certainty

• bi-l-ākhirah = “in the Hereafter”

• yūqinūn = “they are certain” (present tense)

• This is not a future construction — it’s saying they now believe in a future event

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📌 Important Distinction:

Marker	Real Function	Example from Qur’an
سَـ / سوف	Marks future tense	سَيَقُولُ السُفَهَاءُ – The foolish will say (2:142)
بِـ + noun	Preposition ("in, with")	بِاللَّهِ – by Allah, بِالْقَلَمِ – with the pen
بِـ + noun in negation	Emphatic negation	مَا هُمْ بِمُؤْمِنِينَ – they are certainly not believers

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✅ Summary

• "bi‑" does not indicate future tense in Arabic or the Qur’an.

• It is a preposition or stylistic tool, depending on context.

• The only true future tense markers are:

  • سَـ (short-term or simple future)

  • سوف (emphatic or long-term future)