The implied noun is دعوى (claim), كلمة (word), or جملة (sentence) — all feminine. Arabic often uses feminine pronouns for abstract concepts, speeches, or ideas.

 why qawluha in قَدْ قَالَهَا الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ فَمَا أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُم مَّا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ. Ha indicates feminine

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ChatGPT said:

Great question! The word in question is:

قَدْ قَالَهَا الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ
"Indeed, those before them had already said it..."
— Surah Az-Zumar (39:50)

You're asking: why is it "قَالَهَا" (qālahā), with "hā" referring to something feminine, even though it's referring to "a statement" or "saying"? Let’s break it down grammatically and contextually.

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🔍 Meaning of "قَالَهَا":

قَالَهَا = "they said it"

• قَالَ = he said

• هَا = it, feminine pronoun

So this means: “they said it”, where “it” is feminine. So we need to ask: what is the feminine noun being referred to?

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💡 Antecedent of "هَا" (feminine pronoun)

The pronoun "هَا" refers to a previous statement made by arrogant disbelievers. Specifically, this phrase from the previous verse:

إِنَّمَا أُوتِيتُهُ عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍ
“I was only given it because of knowledge I possess.”
(39:49)

That sentence, that claim, is being referred to as a whole. In Arabic, a statement or saying can be referred to as:

• قَوْل — masculine noun meaning “statement”

• But also implied: كلمة (word), مقالة (saying), or جملة (sentence), دعوى (claim), which are feminine nouns.

When Arabic refers back to a whole idea, phrase, or saying, it often treats it as feminine, especially if the implied noun is feminine.

📌 So هَا here is not referring to the word "قَوْل" itself, but to the content of the statement, i.e., the arrogant claim — which is often treated as feminine because:

• The implied noun is دعوى (claim), كلمة (word), or جملة (sentence) — all feminine.

• Arabic often uses feminine pronouns for abstract concepts, speeches, or ideas.

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🔁 Similar usage elsewhere

This is not unique to this verse. A similar structure appears in other verses too:

🔹 Surah Al-Qasas 28:78:

قَالَ إِنَّمَا أُوتِيتُهُ عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍ عِندِي
He said: "I was only given it because of knowledge I have."

This same claim is referred to in 39:50 as قَالَهَا.

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✅ Summary

• "هَا" in قَالَهَا refers to the statement: “I was only given it because of my knowledge.”

• Arabic uses feminine pronouns for:

  • Abstract statements

  • Entire phrases

  • Implied feminine nouns like دعوى, كلمة, or جملة

• Hence, قَالَهَا = "They said [that same arrogant claim]", referring to the same false statement made by previous people

Different spelling of صلوة in different tribes, discuss tribe-wise in pre islamic arabic

 Different spelling of صلوة in different tribes, discuss tribe-wise in pre islamic arabic

Excellent — you're asking for tribe-wise differences in the spelling and pronunciation of the word "ṣalāt" (صلوة) in pre-Islamic Arabic.

This is a linguistic and historical topic, so let’s go through it tribe by tribe, based on what is known from classical Arabic dialectology, pre-Islamic poetry, inscriptions, and early Qur'anic recitation (Ahruf and Qirāʾāt).

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🌴 Pre-Islamic Arabic Tribes and Variants of "Ṣalāt" (صلوة)

Modern standard: صلاة (ṣalāt)
Early orthography: صلوة
Root: ص ل و / ص ل ي — both were used across dialects
Meaning: ritual worship, devotion

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1. Quraysh (قريش) – Meccan Arabic

• Status: Dialect of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and central to Qur’anic standardization.

• Spelling: Likely صلوة in early script.

• Pronunciation: ṣalāt — with tāʾ marbūṭah.

• Notes:

  • Quraysh adopted a refined pronunciation, avoiding unusual or rare dialect forms.

  • Their version became dominant in Uthmānic codices.

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2. Hudhayl (هذيل)

• Region: Western Arabia, near Mecca.

• Spelling: صلوة or possibly صلات.

• Pronunciation: Most likely ṣalāt, similar to Quraysh.

• Notes:

  • Known for poetic richness.

  • Their dialect preserved classical grammar closely.

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3. Tamīm (تميم)

• Region: Najd (Central Arabia).

• Spelling: Likely صلوة or possibly صلاة (with alif to indicate long ā).

• Pronunciation: ṣalāt, conservative in vowels.

• Notes:

  • Very conservative and grammatically "pure" dialect.

  • Often used in classical Arabic grammar references.

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4. Himyar (حِمْيَر) – Southern Arabia / Yemen

• Spelling: Often صلاه (ṣalāh), using هاء instead of تاء التأنيث.

• Pronunciation: ṣalāh — ending in /h/ instead of /t/.

• Notes:

  • Himyaritic Arabic often replaces tāʾ marbūṭah (ة) with hāʾ (ه) — common in South Arabian dialects.

  • Quran acknowledges this: some readings reflect such forms in speech.

• Example: Many Himyarites would say:

  الصلاه عماد الدين instead of الصلاة.

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5. Azd (الأزد) – Southern/Western Arabia

• Spelling: Possibly صلوه, صلاه, or صلوة.

• Pronunciation: Likely influenced by Himyar — may use ṣalāh.

• Notes:

  • Often grouped with southern dialects.

  • May blur feminine endings.

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6. Thaqīf (ثقيف)

• Region: Ṭāʾif, near Mecca.

• Spelling: Probably صلوة or صلاة.

• Pronunciation: ṣalāt, but slight variation in vowel length possible.

• Notes:

  • Close to Quraysh in geography, so minimal variation.

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7. Tayy (طيء)

• Region: Northern/Central Arabia.

• Spelling: Possibly صلوة, but some evidence for صلي endings (ṣalī).

• Pronunciation: May diphthongize final vowels or vary vowel length.

• Notes:

  • Known for poetic and expressive dialectal flexibility.

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8. Kinānah (كنانة)

• Near Mecca — close to Quraysh.

• Spelling: صلوة almost certainly.

• Pronunciation: ṣalāt, with little deviation.

• Notes:

  • Helped shape Quraysh norms.

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📜 Summary Table

Tribe	Spelling (Pre-Islamic)	Pronunciation	Notes
Quraysh	صلوة	ṣalāt	Standardized in Qur'an
Hudhayl	صلوة / صلات	ṣalāt	Classical poetry dialect
Tamīm	صلوة / صلاة	ṣalāt	Grammatically conservative
Himyar	صلاه	ṣalāh	Replaced tāʾ marbūṭah with hāʾ
Azd	صلوه / صلاه	ṣalāh	Southern Arabian influence
Thaqīf	صلوة / صلاة	ṣalāt	Close to Quraysh
Tayy	صلوة / صلي	ṣalāt / ṣalī	Some vowel flexibility
Kinānah	صلوة	ṣalāt	Similar to Quraysh

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🧠 Key Takeaways

• "Ṣalāt" was widely known but spelled differently across regions due to:

  • Early Arabic script limitations.

  • Tribal dialect variations.

  • Influence of older South Arabian languages (like Sabaic, Himyaritic).

• The Qur’an preserves the early spelling (صلوة) but ensures standardized pronunciation through Qirāʾāt.

Is there any grammatical and spelling error in Quran? No.

 Is there any grammatical and spelling error in Quran

From a linguistic and grammatical perspective, the Qur’an is considered by Arabic linguists and scholars to be free of grammatical and spelling errors. It is, in fact, regarded as the highest standard of Classical Arabic and is often used as the reference point for Arabic grammar and eloquence.

Here's a breakdown of the points often discussed:

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✅ 1. Grammar:

• The Qur’an does not contain grammatical errors as understood within the framework of Classical Arabic.

• Some verses may appear unusual or challenging to modern learners or non-native speakers, but classical grammarians have addressed these in detail.

• Apparent anomalies are often:

  • Stylistic devices (e.g., ellipsis, hyperbaton, or rhetorical shifts)

  • Permissible variations in Classical Arabic (e.g., poetic-style flexibility)

  • Early usage before standardization (the Qur'an reflects usage during the early 7th century)

Example often raised:

Verse: Surah Taubah (9:3)
"وَرَسُولُهُ" vs. "وَرَسُولِهِ"

Some argue about case agreement (should it be nominative or genitive?), but grammarians explain this as:

• A case of conjunction with a separate ruling (عطف مغاير الحكم) — the verb applies differently to the two subjects.

• Or a matter of intonation and recitation (qira’at), since there are multiple accepted readings (qira’at) of the Qur’an.

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✅ 2. Spelling (Orthography):

• The Qur'an was written in the early Arabic script, which lacked dots and vowel marks.

• The standardization (by Caliph Uthman رضي الله عنه) followed the Rasm al-Uthmani orthographic style.

• This style:

  • Omits or alters letters by today’s spelling standards.

  • Was consistent with the dialects and pronunciation of Arabs at that time.

  • Is preserved intentionally for religious and historical authenticity.

Example:

Word: الصَّلَاة (as-salāh) written as الصَّلوة
This is not an error but reflects the orthographic tradition of the early Qur’anic manuscripts.

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✅ 3. Conclusion:

• Muslims believe the Qur'an is the literal word of God, perfect and preserved, free of contradiction or error.

• Arabic grammarians, even non-Muslims, often acknowledge its unparalleled literary quality.

• Apparent “errors” are typically due to:

  • Misunderstanding classical usage,

  • Differences in dialect,

  • Or ignoring stylistic and rhetorical norms of the time.

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If you'd like, I can also explain any specific verse you've heard critics refer to as having a "mistake" — and show how classical scholars address it.

You said:

orthographic meaning

ChatGPT said:

Orthographic Meaning:

Orthographic (adjective) relates to orthography, which means:

The conventional spelling system of a language.

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✅ In detail:

• Orthography is how words are written — including:

  • Letters used

  • Spelling rules

  • Writing conventions (like punctuation and capitalization, if the language uses them)

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📚 Examples:

1. In English:

   • “Color” (American orthography) vs. “Colour” (British orthography)

   • Both are correct, but the orthographic system differs slightly between regions.

2. In Arabic:

   • Classical Qur'anic Arabic uses Rasm al-Uthmani (the Uthmanic script), a particular orthographic system.

   • Modern Arabic writes الصلاة (as-salāh) with full letters and vowel marks.

   • But in the Qur’an, it may be written as الصَّلوة — that’s a difference in orthography, not a mistake.

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🔁 Summary:

Term	Meaning
Orthography	The system of writing and spelling in a language
Orthographic	Related to spelling conventions