Allah knows everything.
Allah is the only one Lord and all things in the sky and earth and between them belong to Him and Allah is the best knower and wiser. He is one and second to none, He did not give birth anyone and he is not begotten and He is sufficient and nothing is like Him and He is unique and unparalleled. He has created all things and none can overcome Him in knowledge and power and sight and hearings. He possesses all things and He is ultimate rich and all come from Him and will return to Him.
Human being is usually stingy or tight fisted even if one possesses the treasury of the whole World as Allah describes in the below verse:
"Say ˹to them, O Prophet˺, “Even if you were to possess the ˹infinite˺ treasuries of my Lord’s mercy, then you would certainly withhold ˹them˺, fearing they would run out—for humankind is ever stingy!”
Al Quran 17:100.
Day and night are the signs of Allah for those who realise and days and night assist human beings to calculate year and time as Allah says in the below verse.
"We made the day and night as two signs. So We made the sign of the night devoid of light, and We made the sign of the day ˹perfectly˺ bright, so that you may seek the bounty of your Lord and know the number of years and calculation ˹of time˺. And We have explained everything in detail."
Al Quran 17:12
It is obligatory for all to acquire knowledge on Islam and Allah forbids us to follow, do and speak anything on which we have no confirmed knowledge. This implies that we must not blindly follow, do and speak what our forefathers had followed, done and said.
The human beings will be asked about their mind, eye, intellect and ear.
"Do not follow what you have no ˹sure˺ knowledge of. Indeed, all will be called to account for ˹their˺ hearing, sight, and intellect."
Al Quran 17:36.
Allah orders us to behave with parents righteously and forbids to make partnerships with Him in worshiping.
"For your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him. And honour your parents. If one or both of them reach old age in your care, never say to them ˹even˺ ‘ugh,’ nor yell at them. Rather, address them respectfully. And be humble with them out of mercy, and pray, “My Lord! Be merciful to them as they raised me when I was young.”
Al Quran 17:23-24.
Allah's duty is to direct the right path though there are also crooked ways to test the human beings. It is very easy to Allah to guide all to the right path if He would have willed but Allah wants to test us.
"It is upon Allah ˹alone˺ to ˹clearly˺ show the Straight Way but there are also crooked (the path of shaitan) ways. Had He willed, He would have easily guided upon straight path all of you.
Al Quran 16:9
Allah orders males to lower their gaze at first then commands the females to lower their gaze because if males are rectified, all will be rectified since the males dominate the family, society, state and world as a whole.
˹O Prophet!˺ Tell the believing men to lower their gaze and guard their chastity. That is purer for them. Surely Allah is All-Aware of what they do. And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and guard their chastity, and not to reveal their adornments except what normally appears. Let them draw their veils over their chests, and not reveal their ˹hidden˺ adornments except to their husbands, their fathers, their fathers-in-law, their sons, their stepsons, their brothers, their brothers’ sons or sisters’ sons, their fellow women, those ˹bondwomen˺ in their possession, male attendants with no desire, or children who are still unaware of women’s nakedness. Let them not stomp their feet, drawing attention to their hidden adornments. Turn to Allah in repentance all together, O believers, so that you may be successful.
Al Quran 24:30-31.
When the disbelivers were given the news of girl, they were distressed and this quality is also observed in ignorant people and they are evil peoples:
"Whenever one of them is given the good news of a baby girl, his face grows gloomy, as he suppresses his rage. He hides himself from the people because of the bad news he has received. Should he keep her in disgrace, or bury her ˹alive˺ in the ground? Evil indeed is their judgment!"
Al Quran 16:58-59
What Shaitan will say to his followers after final judgement has been passed in Hereafter:
"And Satan will say ˹to his followers˺ after the judgment has been passed, “Indeed, Allah has made you a true promise. I too made you a promise, but I failed you. I did not have any authority over you. I only called you, and you responded to me. So do not blame me; blame yourselves. I cannot save you, nor can you save me. Indeed, I denounce your previous association of me with Allah ˹in loyalty˺. Surely the wrongdoers will suffer a painful punishment.”
Al Quran 14:22
The fards or obligatory parts of prayers:
The obligatory acts (Fardhs) of prayer (al- Salah) are twelve. Six of those fardhs are fulfilled before the prayer and the other six are fulfilled during the performance of a prayer. If one of those acts is omitted, our prayer gets nullified. Briefly, those are:
a. The Fardhs Outside of al-Salah
Those are the fardhs that one must fulfill before starting a prayer. These fardhs that prepare us both physically and psychologically to perform a prayer are also called “preconditions of salah.”
1. Al-Taharah min Al-Hadath (Cleansing oneself from invisible spiritual impurity): In other words, making ablution or ghusl bath, or when it is not possible to make them, making tayammum.
2. Al-Taharah min Al-Najasah (Cleansing from visible dirt): Cleansing one’s body, clothes, and the place where the prayer will be performed from visible uncleanness.
3. Satr al-Awrah (Covering of the necessary parts of one’s body): It is to cover between the navel and knees for a male, and for a female the entire body except face, hands and feet.
4. Al-Waqt (That the time for the prayer should have come): There is a certain time for each obligatory (Fardh) and wajib prayers. Those prayers should be performed within those time frames. Any prayer performed before its due time is regarded as invalid. Leaving the performance of a prayer until after its time passes is a big sin.
5. Istiqbal al-Qiblah: Facing the direction of Kaaba when praying. During the prayer, if one turns his chest in any other direction, his prayer becomes null.
6. Intention (al-Niyyah): To intend for the prayer to be performed. In prayers that are performed in congregation, one must also intend to follow the imam. After fulfilling these conditions, one can perform a prayer.
b. Fardhs Inside prayer (al-Salah)
These are the fardhs that one must fulfill during the performance of a prayer. Those pillars are also called “Rukn of Salah.”
1. Opening Takbir (Takbir al-Iftitah): To say “Allahu Akbar” when starting a prayer.
2. The Standing (Al-Qiyam): To stand for a while when praying.
3. The Recitation (Al-Qira’ah): To recite al least three short verses from the Noble Quran when standing during a prayer.
4. Bowing (Al-Ruku): To bow down in such a manner that the hands are placed upon the knees after the completion of the recitation of the Noble Quran.
5. Prostration (Al-Sajdah): To place on the ground the forehead, the nose, hands, feet, and knees after having risen from the bowing (al-Ruku).
6. Final Sitting (Qa’da al-Akhirah): To sit at the last rakah of the prayer for as long as one can recite the supplication called “Attahiyyatu.” (Muslim, Salat 215)
Darkness is created object like all other animals and objects. I would think that darkness is just as ahsence of light but this verse clarifies my previous thoughts:
"All praise is for Allah Who created the heavens and the earth and made darkness and light.Yet the disbelievers set up equals to their Lord ˹in worship˺.
Al Quran 6:1